Maralinga

1956: First nuclear weapons test by British at Maralinga

With the agreement of the Australian Government, Britain tested atomic weapons at three sites on Australian territory: the Montebello Islands off Western Australia, and Emu Field and Maralinga in South Australia.

The testing took place from 1952 to 1963, mostly at Maralinga.

Australian authorities did not discover the extent of the contamination at Maralinga until 1984, just before the land was to be returned to its Aboriginal owners.

Maralinga rehabilitation

Between 1996 and 2000 all but around 120 square kilometres of around 3,200 square kilometres of Maralinga country had been cleaned to a standard considered safe for unrestricted access.

Maralinga was formally returned to the Tjarutja owners in November 2009.

Maralinga Mystery

Maralinga. A uniquely Australian tourist destination.

A remote site in the State of South Australia where thousands of Service personnel, mainly British and Australian, witnessed the deliberate contamination of pristine Australian bush with plutonium.

Maralinga, where Britain exploded 22 atomic bombs in the 1950s and 60s. 15 of those bombs were exploded in the infamous Vixen B trials in a manner which spread plutonium over hundreds of square kilometres.

This is the inside story of the clean-up of a tiny fraction of the contaminated area. It is the story of how workmen in sealed vehicles scraped up thousands of tonnes of contaminated soil and transferred it to a huge burial trench. It is also the story of how thousands of tonnes of debris, contaminated with plutonium, were to have been treated in a manner considered by both British and Australian specialists to be ideal, was turned into a botched job by a group with no nuclear expertise in order to save money.

It is the story of how the outcome was declared world’s best practice by the newly formed Australian nuclear regulator, and was praised by the Australian government, but condemned by the federal opposition party.

Maralinga has been returned to the Aboriginal owners, and tourists can now take their four-wheel drive vehicles to the site. They can walk on the cleaned area and learn something of the history. This book tells the rest.